Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is an umbrella term describing the range of birth defects that can occur in an individual whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy. Though not a term used by doctors, FASD is an umbrella term encompassing the many different ways children can be affected by prenatal exposure to alcohol, including

• Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE): Children with FAE do not have all the symptoms of FAS. They may have growth deficiencies, behavior problems, cognitive deficits and other symptoms. They do not have the facial features of FAS.
• Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND): Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder—Children with ARND may have neurologic abnormalities affecting their communication skills, memory, learning ability, visual and spatial skills, intelligence and motor skills. They do not have all the physical features of FAS.
• Alcohol Related Birth Defects (ARBD): Alcohol Related Birth Defects—Children with ARBD may have defects in the skeletal and major organ systems, including abnormalities of the heart, eyes, ears, kidneys and bones.